Lee S. Shulman

President Emeritus of the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching; Charles E. Ducommun Professor of Education Emeritus at Stanford University. Studied medical decision making among experts. Focused on cognition in professional practice and domain-specificity of expertise. Known for his work on the knowledge base of teaching, efforts to promote scholarship of teaching, and studies of professional education. Author of The Wisdom of Practice: Essays on Teaching, Learning, and Learning to Teach. Awarded a Lifetime Achievement Award, American Association of Colleges for Teacher Education; Teachers College Medal; Grawmeyer Award in Education; George Washington University President's Medal; E.L. Thorndike Award for Distinguished Psychological Contributions to Education, American Psychological Association; Crystal Apple Award, California Council on the Education of Teachers; Distinguished Leadership Award, Association of Teacher Educators; and the Guggenheim Fellowship. Served as President of the National Academy of Education and President of the American Education Research Association.