Maynard E. Solomon

Co-founded Vanguard Records in 1950, and became a major force in the rise of folk and blues music in the 1950s and 60s. He promoted the music of the Weavers, Paul Robeson, Buffy Sainte-Marie, and Joan Baez, among others. His second career as a musicologist, notably as a biographer of composers, blossomed in the 1970s and later, when he received recognition for his studies of Mozart, Schubert, Ives, and Beethoven. His classic biography, Beethoven (1977), was translated into seven languages and his Beethoven Essays (1989) received the Kinkeldey Award of the American Musicological Society for best book in 1989. Among his achievements, he has solved the enigma of ''Beethoven's Beloved'' and showed that Charles Ives pre-dated and modernized his scores to make them seem prophetic.