Joseph Loscalzo

Hersey Professor of the Theory and Practice of Physic (Medicine); Chair, Department of Medicine; Physician-in-Chief. Loscalzo's contributions are in the field of redox biology and pathobiology. He demonstrated the importance of thiol redox potential in nitric oxide metabolism by showing that S-nitrosothiols stabilize nitric oxide, and identifying S-nitrosylation as a form of posttranslational modification of proteins. Showed that glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase and the glutathione peroxidases 1 and 3 are critical modulators of cell (thiol) redox state, and characterized the oxidative enzymopathies that result from deficiencies of these enzymes. He characterized the role of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and their modulation by these oxidoreductases on cell redox state, including the redox state(s) of the thiol proteome, and specifically demonstrated the difference between structural disulfides and functional disulfide switches in proteins. Recently, he identified microRNAs that respond to hypoxia (hypoxamirs), and showed that one of these-miR210-is a key determinant of the Pasteur effect through its modification of mitochondrial redox state.