Carl Andre

Andre's radical, minimal sculpture ignored the sculpture/base dynamic of conventional sculpture by eliminating the base altogether. His work, made of block of stone or wood, or flat squares of metal, explored sculptural principles of weight and extension. His work was first exhibited in 1965 and then in the famous Primary Structures exhibition at The Jewish Museum in 1966. He had numerous solo-exhibitions in public museums, including the Gemeentemuseum in The Hague in 1969, the Guggenheim in New York (1970), the St. Louis Art Museum (1971), Kunsthalle Bern (1975), Institute of Contemporary Art, Boston (1975), National Gallery of Art, Canada (1979), and more than four dozen solo-exhibitions in private or commercial galleries. His work is represented in every significant text book addressing the radical art of the 1960s and 1970s and was as central to the development of contemporary sculpture as the work of Robert Smithson and Richard Serra.